Our work on the biogenesis of cyanobacterial membranes is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft SFB-TR1/C10. “
“The aim of the study was to consider the impact of new direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens on hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment

in HIV/HCV coinfection. Current coinfection guidelines were reviewed Nivolumab ic50 and the impact of recent DAA publications evaluating HIV-coinfected individuals was considered. Current coinfection guidelines recommend HIV antiretroviral therapy initiation prior to HCV antiviral therapy. New all-oral, combination antiviral therapy composed of one or more DAAs with or without ribavirin will change this paradigm. As these regimens are better tolerated, it will be possible to offer nearly all HCV-infected patients antiviral therapy, including those with HIV infection. All-oral regimens may impact the incidence of HCV infection by providing a treatment option that can be safely and broadly utilized Torin 1 molecular weight in high-risk populations with the benefits of curing individual patients and addressing broader public health concerns related to HCV. HCV infection treatment should no longer be a secondary consideration restricted to the minority of HIV/HCV-coinfected

patients. “
“The aim of the study was to identify possible causes of pancreatic insufficiency in patients with HIV infection. A retrospective analysis of 233 HIV-positive patients for whom faecal elastase measurement was available was performed to investigate potential associations with core demographic data, HIV infection characteristics, degree of immunosuppresion, exposure to antiretroviral Calpain therapy (ART), alcohol misuse, diabetes, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, triglyceride and cholesterol levels and symptomatology. The response to pancreatic enzyme replacement for patients with evidence

of insufficiency was also evaluated. Of 233 patients, 104 (45%) had evidence of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (faecal elastase < 200 mcg/g). A positive association with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency was found for HCV infection (P = 0.007), previous or current HCV treatment (P = 0.003), alcohol misuse history (P = 0.006) and the presence of steatorrhoea (P = 0.03). There was no demonstrated association between exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and didanosine (ddI) exposure (P = 0.43) or stavudine (d4T) exposure (P = 0.62). Seventy-seven per cent of patients who were treated with pancreatic enzymatic supplementation reported a subjective improvement in symptoms. Faecal elastase sampling should form part of the routine work-up for HIV-positive patients with chronic diarrhoea even in the absence of ‘traditional’ risk factors such as ddI exposure.