The working degree increased from 15 to 25% (T2) and 24% (T3), but the increase was not significant (P > 0.05). Intensive musculoskeletal strength training intervention

Compared with baseline, the intensive musculoskeletal strength training group increased WAI, single item work ability and self-rated mental health at the 3-month follow-up. No laboratory-observed tests were significantly (P < 0.05) changed. The working degree increased from 15 to 30% (T2) and 31% (T3), and the increase was significant (P < 0.05) for this group. Control group Among controls, pain in the neck, as well as working activity, was increased at the 3-month follow-up. The working degree increased from 12 to 33% (T2) and 34% (T3) (P < 0.05). Longitudinal Idasanutlin analysis for repeated measurements For neck pain, there

was a difference between intervention groups over time (P = 0.0481) GSK2118436 in vivo (Fig. 4). Pain increased in the control group between baseline and T3 (Fig. 4). For the myofeedback group, pain find more decreased between baseline and T2. For the muscular strength training group, pain decreased between baseline and T3, compared with the control group. The mean response for the WAI average across intervention groups changed over time (P = 0.0004) (Fig. 5). However, there was no statistically significant difference between intervention groups over time (Fig. 5). The control group increased between baseline and the first follow-up. Both intervention groups increased from baseline to T2, although compared with the control group, there were no improvements. Fig. 4 Etofibrate Adjusted mean for neck pain vs. time for each intervention group Fig. 5 Adjusted mean for work ability index (WAI) items vs. time for each intervention

group Effect of decreased pain and decreased muscular activity on changed work ability Decreased pain was associated with increased work ability (WAI) and indicated for increased dexterity/gross movements at the 1-month follow-up, and with increased cutlery wiping performance at the 3-month follow-up (Table 3). Decreased muscular activity in the trapetzius muscle was associated with increased work ability (WAI) and increased cutlery wiping performance at the 3-month follow-up (Table 3). Table 3 Stratified analysis of changed work ability (self-rated and observed) among participants with decreased pain or muscle activity at the 1-month (T2) and 3-month follow-up (T3)   Changed work ability T1 Diff T2-T1 Diff T3-T1 m SD m SD P value m SD P value Self-rated work ability: WAI  Decreased pain T1-T2 18.8 7.1 3.5 5.5 0.017* 1.7 4.6 0.243  Decreased pain T1-T3 20.4 6.8 0.8 5.8 0.967 1.9 4.9 0.164  Decreased musc. activity T1-T2 19.8 6.3 2.5 6.3 0.156 2.0 4.4 0.081  Decreased musc. activity T1-T3 19.5 6.6 1.7 5.3 0.262 2.5 4.7 0.030* Observed work ability: Cutlery wiping performance test  Decreased pain T1-T2 10.6 4.0 0.0 3.1 0.403 1.5 2.7 0.020*  Decreased pain T1-T3 11.1 4.0 0.8 3.3 0.145 2.0 3.6 0.050*  Decreased musc. activity T1-T2 11.