“Objective: The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology (AACE/ACE) diabetes algorithm recommends a stratified approach to initial therapy to achieve a glycated Apoptosis Compound Library concentration hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) goal of <= 6.5% in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who have inadequate glycemic control. Data from a double-blind study in drug-naive T2DM patients comparing initial monotherapy with metformin (MET)
with initial dual therapy with a fixed-dose combination of sitagliptin and MET (SITA/MET FDC) was used to determine AACE/ACE HbA(1c) goal attainment in these treatment groups.
Methods: A total of 1,250 patients (mean baseline HbA(1c) = 9.9%) were randomized 1:1 to SITA/MET FDC 50/500 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) or MET 500 mg b.i.d. for 18 weeks. SITA/MET FDC and MET were uptitrated over 4 weeks to 50/1,000 mg b.i.d. and 1,000 mg b.i.d., respectively.
Results: At week 18, a higher percentage of patients receiving SITA/MET FDC had HbA1c levels <= 6.5% and <7% than those receiving MET alone within each of the 3 AACE/ACE HbA(1c) categories (6.5-7.5%, >7.5-9.0%, and >9.0%). Of patients with a baseline HbA(1c) >7.5-9.0% who initiated SITA/MET FDC, 48.6% achieved an HbA(1c) <= 6.5% at week 18 compared
with 23.1% of patients who initiated MET monotherapy (P<.001). In patients with a baseline selleck kinase inhibitor HbA(1c) >9.0%, 24.0% on SITA/MET FDC achieved an HbA(1c) <= 6.5% compared with 12.8% on MET alone (P<.001).
Conclusion: In T2DM patients with a baseline
HbA(1c) >7.5-9.0%, substantially more achieved the HbA(1c) goal of <= 6.5% with initial dual therapy (SITA/MET FDC) than with initial monotherapy (MET), which is in agreement with the AACE/ACE diabetes algorithm.”
“SETTING: Pleural adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels have been found to be useful in diagnosing Pitavastatin in vitro tuberculous pleuritis. Elevated ADA levels have been attributed to ADA(2) isoenzyme, although no comprehensive studies have evaluated ADA(2) as a diagnostic test.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the diagnostic accuracy of ADA and ADA(2) in diagnosing tuberculous pleurisy.
METHOD: A 3-year retrospective study was carried out. ADA and ADA(2) were determined on patients diagnosed according to predetermined criteria.
RESULTS: A total of 951. samples were received, including 387 patients with tuberculosis (TB). ADA values >= 52.4 U/l yielded a sensitivity, specificity and positive (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) respectively of 93.7% (95%CI 90.0-96.0), 88.7% (95%CI 85.7-91.3), 85.5% (95%CI 81.7-88.8) and 95.2% (95%CI 92.9-96.9). ADA(2) values >= 40.6 U/l yielded a sensitivity, specificity and PPV and NPV of respectively 97.2% (95%CI 95.0-98.7), 94.2% (95%CI 91.8-96.0), 92.2% (95%CI 89.1-94.7) and 98.0% (95%CI 96.3-99.0). The chi(2) and McNemar tests proved the superiority of ADA(2) statistically.