(c) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3536476]“
“Background: The overall consumption of trans fatty acids (TFAs) increases the risk of coronary artery disease.
However, multiple TFA isomers exist, each with potentially different health effects. Different food sources of these specific TFA isomers are not well established.
Objective: Our objective was to determine Selleckchem Emricasan the major independent food sources of specific TFA isomers.
Design: We investigated relations of major potential food sources of TFAs, as assessed by serial food-frequency questionnaires, with 10 plasma phospholipid TFA isomers [5 trans (t-) 18:1, 3 t-18:2, and 2 t-16:1] in 3330 older adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a community-based multicenter cohort. Stepwise regression was used to identify independent major food sources of individual plasma phospholipid TFA isomers, which were adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors.
Results: All 5 t-18:1 isomers were similarly associated with foods commonly made with partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVOs), including biscuits (0.51 higher SD of total 18:1 fatty acid concentrations per serving/d, P < 0.01), chips and/or popcorn (0.33 higher SD per serving/d, P = 0.02), margarine
(0.32 higher SD per serving/d, P < 0.001), fried foods (0.32 higher SD per serving/d, CBL0137 molecular weight P = 0.04), and bakery foods (0.23 higher SD per serving/d, P = 0.02). Each of the t-18:2
isomers were associated only with bakery foods (0.50 higher SD of total 18:2 fatty IPI-145 manufacturer acid concentrations per serving/d, P < 0.001). Ruminant foods were major correlates of t-16:1n-7, including red meats (0.72 higher SD per serving/d, P < 0.001), butter (0.43 higher SD per serving/d, P < 0.001), and higher-fat dairy (0.37 higher SD per serving/d, P < 0.001). In contrast, t-16:1n-9 were derived mainly from margarine (0.31 higher SD per serving/d, P < 0.001).
Conclusions: t-18:1 Isomers are similarly derived from multiple PHVO-containing foods. In contrast, t-18:2 and t-16:1n-9 isomers are derived from more-specific types of PHVO-containing foods. Ruminant foods are major sources of t-16:1n-7. Different TFA isomers and dietary sources should be considered when investigating health effects and interventions to lower TFAs. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 91:883-93.”
“Background and aims: Although dietary fats and cholesterol have previously been associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle-aged populations, less is known among older adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between dietary fats, cholesterol, and eggs and CVD risk among community-dwelling adults aged 70-79 in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study.