The present study shows that splenic autotransplantation restores the function of the spleen in splenectomized mice, even though in this case it does favor the susceptibility to L. monocytogenes selleck compound infection.”
“Background: Bone mass as represented by bone mineral density (BMD) is the most important factor determining bone strength.

Elderly people with and without hip fractures were compared with the BMD of the proximal femora. The correlation between hip fractures in elderly patients and osteoporosis was investigated.

Methods: Eighty-seven consecutive elderly patients (>= 65 years; average age, 77.5 years) with 87 unilateral hip fractures (39 femoral neck and 48 intertrochanteric fractures) were compared with 87 consecutive elderly persons (>= 65 years; average age, 77.7 years) without hip fractures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess the BMD.

Results:

The BMD of the total hip, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, and femoral neck was significantly different between people with and without hip fractures (p = 0.002, 0.012, 0.011, and <0.001, respectively). All BMD values for patients with fractures were lower. Moreover, the BMD of the total hip, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, and femoral neck was significantly different GSK2126458 between people with intertrochanteric fractures and those without hip fractures (p < 0.001, <0.001, 0.003, and <0.001, respectively). Between patients with femoral neck fractures and those with intertrochanteric fractures, only the BMD value of the greater trochanter was significantly different (p = 0.04).

Conclusions: The severity of osteoporosis may affect the risk of hip fractures in elderly people. The risk of intertrochanteric fractures may be determined 5-Fluoracil ic50 simply by BMD, but the risk of femoral neck fractures may be determined by multiple factors. Intertrochanteric fractures may start at the greater trochanter due to its low BMD.”
“Proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause urinary tract infection in human beings. The accurate and rapid identification and

quantification of P. mirabilis is necessary for early treatment. In this study, a pair of specific primers according to the conserved ureR sequence of P. mirabilis was designed and novel systems which consisted of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a real-time PCR to identify and quantify P. mirabilis were developed. For the qualitative identification by ordinary PCR, a 225-bp DNA product was amplified from P. mirabilis and separated on an agarose gel. The corresponding DNA product is present in three P. mirabilis strains isolated from different geographical locations, but is absent in 20 strains representing 18 different species, including the ureR homolog contained Providencia stuartii and Escherichia coli strains, the other common pathogens Klebsiella sp., Edwarsiella sp., Vibrio sp., Enterobacter sp., and Escherichia sp.