Because the colon has a long residence time which is up to 5 days and is highly responsive to absorption enhancers.9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 Budesonide was obtained from Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Nasik. Pectin, chitosan and other materials

used were of AR Grade and were obtained from Loba Chemie. Various crosslinking agents are utilized for crosslinking purpose like glutaraldehyde, genepin, formaldehyde. Crosslinking occurs in between chitosan molecules retarding their water solubility. 25% Glutaraldehyde is utilized for crosslinking of chitosan while spray drying.16, 17 and 18 1 g of chitosan was dissolved in 100 ml 5% dilute acetic acid solution. In it 25 ml of 25% of glutaraldehyde was added. Allowed to crosslink for 15 min. After 15 min very thick gel was formed such that it can’t be passed through the spray drying system. So it was started with 1 ml of glutaraldehyde. Epacadostat in vitro 1 g chitosan was dissolved in 100 ml dilute acetic acid solution (5%). 500 mg of budesonide was added to 20 ml of ethanol and

added to the chitosan solution. After proper mixing 1 ml of 25% glutaraldehyde was added and allowed to crosslink for 15 min while stirring. Above solution was kept for stirring and spray dried at conditions given in Table 1. Obtained product was collected, weighed and evaluated for following parameters. Obtained product was weighed and % of yield was calculated by using following formula: %ofyield=AmountofproductobtainedAmountoftotalsolidinspraydryingsolution×100 GSK2656157 cell line 100 mg of microparticles were kept in 100 ml of 0.1 N HCl at 50 rpm on mechanical shaker and observed for solubilization, if any, of microparticles. 100 mg of microparticles were weighed and dispersed into 20 ml of ethanol in a beaker and the beaker was wrapped with aluminum foil. Microparticles were then digested for 24 h in the darkness and then sonicated for 1 h. Sonicated sample was then filtered

by using Whatman filter paper. Filtered sample was then analyzed by using UV spectrophotometer after suitable dilution. From the reading, by using following formula % of entrapment was calculated. %ofentrapment=PracticaldrugcontentTheoreticaldrugcontent×100 however % of drug loading was calculated to find out % of amount of drug present in given weight of microspheres. % of drug loading was calculated by using following formula: %ofloading=DrugcontentWeightofmicrospheres×100 Drug release was checked for 5 h by using USP paddle apparatus. 900 ml of 0.1 N HCl was utilized as a media. Microparticles were weighed such that it becomes equivalent to 9 mg of budesonide. Then microparticles were filled into size 4 capsule. Capsule was then placed into media at 50 rpm and 37 ± 0.5 °C. 5 ml sample was withdrawn at each 1 h and analyzed by UV. If required suitable dilutions were prepared. Dissolution was carried out for 5 h only to check drug release occurring in critical period.19 and 20 Graph was plotted as % of drug release versus time.