Methods and results: A total of 1019 individuals without known diabetes completed an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and had A1C measured. Moderate agreement existed for A1C and FPG criteria for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (kappa coefficient = 0.522), with 85.5% of individuals IPI-549 in vivo classified as not having diabetes by both A1C and FPG criteria, and 5.8% classified as having diabetes by both A1C and FPG criteria. Discordant classifications occurred for 5.5% of individuals who had an A1C >= 6.5% and FPG < 126 mg dl(-1), and for 3.2% who had an A1C < 6.5% and

FPG >= 126 mg dl(-1) . Modest agreement existed for A1C and 2-hPG criteria for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (kappa coefficient = 0.427), with 81.8% of individuals classified as not having diabetes by both A1C and 2-hPG click here criteria, and 6.0% classified as having diabetes by both A1C and 2-hPG criteria. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of A1C for identifying subjects with diabetes

according to FPG or 2-hPG criteria was 0.856 and 0.794, respectively. Modest agreement existed for A1C and FPG and/or 2-hPG criteria for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (kappa coefficient = 0.446).

Conclusions: A1C >= 6.5% demonstrates a moderate agreement with fasting glucose and 2-hPG for diagnosing diabetes among adult Italian Caucasians subjects. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Recent decades have witnessed an increase in liver resections. There is a need for an update on factors related to the management of liver tumors in view of newer published data. A systematic search using Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for the years 1983-2008 was performed. The IHPBA classification provides a suitable nomenclature of liver resections. While one randomized trial has provided

selleck kinase inhibitor an objective time of 30 min as optimal for intermittent pedicle occlusion, another randomized study has demonstrated the feasibility of performing liver resections without pedicle clamping. A randomized trial has demonstrated the benefit of clamp crushing over newer techniques of liver transection. Cohort studies support anatomical resections when feasible in terms of outcomes. Nonrandomized studies also support nonanatomical and ablative therapies in patients with cirrhosis and small remnant livers. A randomized trial has shown comparable long-term outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgery for tumors <5 cm. No randomized trials comparing laparoscopy and open surgery exist. Surgery remains an important treatment modality for malignant hepatic neoplasms. While anatomical resections provide improved survival, the choice of nonanatomical versus anatomical resections should be individualized taking into account factors such as cirrhosis and function of the liver remnant. A clear margin of resection is essential in all surgically resected cases.