These are also important outcomes to consider with respect to both short and long term followup studies. The treatment program was individualised, but we do not know the criteria for selecting the physiotherapists or how experienced the physiotherapists were in treating this patient group. This may have influenced the number of treatment sessions which was left to the physiotherapist to decide. The authors compare their long Bioactive Compound Library concentration term results with Hay et al (2003), but their short term results differ. This is not discussed. With

this exception, the short term results were in accordance with other studies, and show that injections could be of short term benefit to patients with moderate to severe shoulder pain (Kuhn et al 2009). Long term followup was as reported in other studies. Future studies could investigate exercise therapy after lidocaine injection only (without a steroid injection) for patients with moderate to severe shoulder pain, and in addition include work status and HRQL as outcomes. “
“The PABS is a self-administered questionnaire designed to assess the strength of two treatment orientations of health care practitioners

(HCPs) towards low back pain (LBP). The orientations are labelled: ‘biomedical’, where the HCP believes in a biomechanical model of disease, where disability and pain are consequences of specific tissue pathology and treatment is aimed at treating the pathology; and ‘behavioural’, where the HCP believes in a biopsychosocial model MAPK inhibitor Cytidine deaminase of disease, in which pain does not have to be a sign of tissue damage and can be influenced by social and psychological factors. The original PABS (20 items: 14 biomedical, 6 behavioural) was developed and tested in samples

of Dutch physiotherapists (Ostelo et al 2003. The amended version (19 items: 10 biomedical, 9 behavioural) was developed and tested in Dutch physiotherapists (Houben et al 2005). It has been used in large samples of UK general practitioners (GPs) and physiotherapists (Bishop et al 2008) and has also been adapted for use in studies of neck pain (Vonk et al 2008). Further versions have been developed in samples of German physiotherapists (Laekeman et al 2008 – 14 items: 10 biomedical, 4 behavioural) and GPs in Jersey (Bowey-Morris et al 201 – 17 items: 12 biomedical, 5 behavioural). Instructions for completion and scoring: A respondent indicates on a six-point scale (‘Totally disagree’ = 1 to ‘Totally agree’ = 6) the extent to which they agree or disagree with each statement. Completion takes around 10 minutes. Subscale scores are calculated by a simple summation of the responses to the subscale items. Higher scores on a subscale indicate a stronger treatment orientation. As the PABS is a recently developed tool recommended cut-offs for high or low scores have not yet been reported.