This methodology is useful for nitration of activated aromatic compounds. In this procedure, the work-up is very easy, and the spent polymeric reagent can be regenerated and reused. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 121: 582-588, 2011″
“Conduction measurements with simultaneous observations by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed on a thin NiO film, which is a candidate material for resistance random access memories

SB-715992 concentration (ReRAMs). To conduct nanoscale experiments, a piezo-controlled TEM holder was used, where a fixed NiO sample and a movable Pt-Ir counter electrode were placed. After the counter electrode was moved to make contact with NiO, I-V measurements were carried out from any selected nanoregions. Transferase inhibitor By applying a voltage of 2 V, the insulating NiO film was converted to a low resistance film. This phenomenon may be the “”forming process”"

required to initialize ReRAMs. The corresponding TEM image indicated a structural change in the NiO layer generating a conductive bridge with a width of 30-40 nm. This finding supports the “”breakdown”" type forming in the so-called “”filament model”" of operation by ReRAMs. The inhomogeneity of resistance in the NiO film was also investigated. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3553868]“
“Background: In the province of Quebec, Canada, pneumococcal conjugate

vaccine (PCV) is offered to all children aged less than 5 years, and a 2 + 1 schedule (2, 4, and MLN0128 12 months) is recommended for low-risk infants, with other schedules including a lower number of doses for older children.

Objective: To estimate PCV effectiveness against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD).

Methods: IPD cases in children aged 2-59 months and reported during the years 2005-2007 were eligible and uninfected controls were randomly identified in the provincial health insurance registry. Parents were interviewed by telephone and immunization records were reviewed. The PCV effectiveness was computed using unconditional logistic regression models adjusting for potential confounders.

Results: 180 IPD cases (60.4% of total reported) and 897 controls were included. Predictors of IPD risk were age, season, high-risk medical conditions, day-care attendance, and low family income. Overall PCV protection (>1 dose) against IPD caused by any serotype was 60% (95% CI: 38%-75%), and was 92% (83%-96%) against IPD caused by vaccine serotypes. Among low-risk children who received the recommended 2 + 1 schedule, 6 cases of vaccine failure occurred after the first dose, 1 case after the second dose, and no cases after the booster dose.

Conclusion: These results confirm the effectiveness of PCV after 2 and 3 doses.