“
“To evaluate the effectiveness of school-based physical activity interventions on fitness, adiposity and cardiometabolic outcomes among schoolchildren. Medline, Embase, BIRB 796 EBSCOhost CINAHL and ERIC databases were searched up to October 2012. Inclusion criteria: intervention delivered at school with controls having no intervention or usual physical education classes; participants aged 5-18 years; outcomes spanning some or all of the above. We assessed levels of evidence for identified trials based on methodological quality and sample size. Dose of the interventions (a total summary measure of intensity, frequency and duration) were considered. Eighteen randomized controlled trials

(RCTs, total participants=6,207) were included, of which six were large, higher quality trials with high dose of the intervention. The intervention was consistent in increasing fitness with large, higher quality Givinostat purchase studies and high dose of intervention providing strong evidence. Dose of school-based physical activity is an important determinant of trial efficiency. Some large, higher quality RCTs provided strong evidence for interventions to decrease skin-fold thickness, increase fitness and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Evidence for body mass index, body fat

and waist circumference, blood pressure and triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol remain inconclusive and require additional higher quality studies with high dose of interventions to provide conclusive evidence.”
“Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of an “”enhanced”" invitation letter in increasing participation in an Australian cancer registry based study and assess the representativeness

of the study sample.

Study Design and Setting: Eight hundred hematological cancer survivors, diagnosed within the last 3 years and aged 18-80 years at recruitment, were selected from one Australian state-based cancer registry. Half were randomly allocated to receive the standard invitation letter (control group). The remaining half received a modified invitation letter, incorporating content and design characteristics recommended to improve written communication (intervention group).

Results: Of the 732 CHIR-99021 in vitro eligible survivors, 268 (37%) returned a completed survey. There was no difference in participation between the intervention (n = 131, 36%) and control groups (n = 137, 38%; P = 0.53). Participants were representative of the population for characteristics assessed, except for age group at diagnosis. Survivors 5(1 years or older at diagnosis had higher odds of returning a completed survey, 50-59 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47, 4.35), 60-69 (OR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.58-4.58), and 70-80 (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.07-3.