Although no specific marker for an EPC has been identified, a panel of markers has been consistently used as a surrogate

marker for cells displaying the vascular regenerative properties of the putative EPC. However, it is now clear that a host of hematopoietic and vascular endothelial subsets display the same panel of antigens and can only be discriminated by an extensive gene expression analysis or use of a variety of functional assays that are not often applied. This article reviews our current understanding of the many cell subsets that constitute the term EPC and provides a concluding perspective as to the various roles played Sapanisertib by these circulating or resident cells in vessel repair and regeneration in human subjects.”
“Objectives: The primary

purpose of this study was to evaluate a group of postlingually deafened adults, whose aided speech recognition exceeded commonly accepted candidacy criteria for implantation. The study aimed to define performance and qualitative outcomes of cochlear implants in these individuals compared see more with their optimally fitted hearing aid(s).

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Patients: All postlingually deafened subjects (N = 27), who were unsuccessful hearing aid users implanted between 2000 and 2010 with a preimplantation Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) score of 60% or more were included.

Intervention: We compared patients’ preoperative performance (HINT score) with hearing aids to postoperative performance with the cochlear implant after 12 months of device use. In addition, the Hearing Handicap Inventory questionnaire was used to quantify the hearing-related handicap change perceived after the implantation.

Results: The study group demonstrated significant postoperative improvement on all outcome measures; most notably, the mean HINT score improved from 68.4% (standard deviation,

8.3) to 91.9% (standard deviation, 9.7). Additionally, there was a significant improvement in hearing-related handicap perceived by all patients.

Conclusion: The envelope of implantation candidacy criteria continues to expand as shown by this study’s cohort. Patient satisfaction and speech recognition results are very Selleckchem PF-6463922 encouraging in support of treating those who currently perform at a level above the conventional candidacy threshold but struggle with optimally fitted hearing aids.”
“Background: The VitalPAC (TM) Early Warning Score (ViEWS) has an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) for death of acute unselected medical patients within 24 h of 88% and the UK National Early Warning Scores is based on it. The score’s discrimination has been validated on patients in the developed world, but nothing is known of its performance in resource-poor hospitals.

Methods and results: A total of 1019 individuals without known diabetes completed an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and had A1C measured. Moderate agreement existed for A1C and FPG criteria for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (kappa coefficient = 0.522), with 85.5% of individuals IPI-549 in vivo classified as not having diabetes by both A1C and FPG criteria, and 5.8% classified as having diabetes by both A1C and FPG criteria. Discordant classifications occurred for 5.5% of individuals who had an A1C >= 6.5% and FPG < 126 mg dl(-1), and for 3.2% who had an A1C < 6.5% and

FPG >= 126 mg dl(-1) . Modest agreement existed for A1C and 2-hPG criteria for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (kappa coefficient = 0.427), with 81.8% of individuals classified as not having diabetes by both A1C and 2-hPG click here criteria, and 6.0% classified as having diabetes by both A1C and 2-hPG criteria. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of A1C for identifying subjects with diabetes

according to FPG or 2-hPG criteria was 0.856 and 0.794, respectively. Modest agreement existed for A1C and FPG and/or 2-hPG criteria for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (kappa coefficient = 0.446).

Conclusions: A1C >= 6.5% demonstrates a moderate agreement with fasting glucose and 2-hPG for diagnosing diabetes among adult Italian Caucasians subjects. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Recent decades have witnessed an increase in liver resections. There is a need for an update on factors related to the management of liver tumors in view of newer published data. A systematic search using Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for the years 1983-2008 was performed. The IHPBA classification provides a suitable nomenclature of liver resections. While one randomized trial has provided

selleck kinase inhibitor an objective time of 30 min as optimal for intermittent pedicle occlusion, another randomized study has demonstrated the feasibility of performing liver resections without pedicle clamping. A randomized trial has demonstrated the benefit of clamp crushing over newer techniques of liver transection. Cohort studies support anatomical resections when feasible in terms of outcomes. Nonrandomized studies also support nonanatomical and ablative therapies in patients with cirrhosis and small remnant livers. A randomized trial has shown comparable long-term outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgery for tumors <5 cm. No randomized trials comparing laparoscopy and open surgery exist. Surgery remains an important treatment modality for malignant hepatic neoplasms. While anatomical resections provide improved survival, the choice of nonanatomical versus anatomical resections should be individualized taking into account factors such as cirrhosis and function of the liver remnant. A clear margin of resection is essential in all surgically resected cases.

Conclusion. Despite

the awareness of risk factors for T2DM among senior medical students, their lifestyle remains unchanged. In the given population it is predicted that the risk of T2DM will enhance about 2.5-fold in the next 20 years.”
“Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of 3-D contrast-enhanced power Doppler ultrasonography (3-D CEPDUS) for differentiating benign and malignant adnexal masses.

Material and Methods: Consecutive patients with adnexal masses were included prospectively and underwent 2-D ultrasonography and 3-D CEPDUS in a tertiary centre in Paris, France. The main outcome measure was the diagnostic accuracy of 3-D CEPDUS to diagnose malignant and borderline adnexal masses. The reference standard was the final histological examination. Two-dimensional ultrasonography and 3-D CEPDUS were compared using semiquantitative scores. check details Three-dimensional CEPDUS assessed vessel density, vessel pattern, and three vascular indexes in a 5-mL region of interest (vascularization index [VI], flow index [FI], and vascularization flow index [VFI]). The 2-D and 3-D examinations were done by different sonographers who were blinded to the other test. The pathologist was blinded to ultrasonography findings.

Results: Of TPCA-1 99 patients, 88 had benign tumors and were compared to the 11 patients

with borderline WZB117 supplier (n = 5) or malignant (n = 6) tumors. The sensitivity of the subjective 2-D score was 55% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25-84) and specificity 94% (95% CI, 89-99). The sensitivity of the subjective 3-D score was 82% (95% CI, 58-100) and specificity 90% (95% CI, 83-96). Improvement of detection of malignant or borderline tumors by subjective 3-D score was 150%. Vessel density and patterns were not more efficient than the subjective

3-D score. The mean vascular index values were significantly different between benign and borderline/malignant groups: VI, 7.2 versus 35.5 (P < 0.0001); FI, 37.0 versus 48.2 (P = 0.003); and VFI, 2.9 versus 17.6 (P < 0.0001), respectively.

Conclusions: 3-D CEPDUS improves detection of malignant and borderline adnexal masses.”
“Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of thulium laser resection of the prostate (TmLRP) vs transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for treating patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: A systematic search of the electronic databases, including Medline, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Cochrane Library was performed up to May 1, 2013. The pooled outcomes of interest assessing the two techniques included demographic and clinical baseline characteristics, perioperative variables, complications, and postoperative efficacy including maximum flow rate (Qmax), postvoid residual (PVR), quality of life (QoL) and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS).

Two different mutations in the TPO gene were identified. Affected children in families I and II had a nonsense mutation in exon 10 (R540X). Genotyping of polymorphic markers within the TPO gene revealed that these families shared a common haplotype, suggesting a founder effect. In the third family, a novel mutation (G319R) in exon 8 was identified.”
“Virus-like particle (VLP) composed of outer shell but no genome of virus mimics the natural configuration of authentic virion and has no characteristics of self-replication. A close resemblance to native viruses in molecular scaffolds and an absence of genomes make VLPs effectively elicit both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses

even with no requirement of adjuvant for vaccines. As effective immunogens, characterized by high immunogenicity and safety, VLPs have been employed in production NU7026 concentration of human vaccines, such as the licensed vaccines of hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus. However, there has been no report of licensed veterinary VLP vaccine worldwide as yet. Despite the wide application in vaccination, both the conventional inactivated and live attenuated vaccines for animals are subject to potential limitations due to incomplete inactivation and reversion to virulence. Therefore, those conventional vaccines may, to some extent, be replaced with the VLP-based vaccines

conferring higher protection and safety to vaccinated animals. Here, we review the current status of VLPs as veterinary vaccines, and discuss the

characteristics and problems MLN0128 clinical trial associated with generating VLPs for different animal viruses. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Selleck ML323 Cyclosporine in the form of a microemulsion (Neoral) has been the cornerstone of the majority of immunosuppression regimes in thoracic organ transplantation. Cysporin, an alternative form of cyclosporine, is now available. Although bioavailability has been studied in healthy volunteers and stable renal transplant recipients, there are no bioequivalence data currently available for the population of thoracic organ transplant recipients. This randomized, 2-arm, crossover, open-label study compares the pharmacokinetic profiles of two formulations of cyclosporine (Neoral and Cysporin) in stable heart transplant patients.

Methods: The pharmacokinetics of Neoral and Cysporin were assessed on 2 study days in 16 stable heart transplant recipients already receiving Neoral, who were at least 15 months post-transplant and had not undergone dose adjustments of Neoral for the previous 3 months. Participants were randomized to receive one study drug for at least 2 weeks with crossover to the other arm for a further 2 weeks. Drug levels were measured from blood samples obtained on the study day at the end of each phase at baseline (pre-dose) and 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6 and 8 hours post-dose.

Results: The two formulations.

IGF-1 signals through IGF-1 receptors activating phosphytidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt or pMAPK pathways. IGF-1 can be induced with injury and microglia and astrocytes may serve as a source of this neurotrophic factor to promote neuronal survival. An acute systemic injection of trimethyltin (TMT; 2 mg/kg, ip) to mice induces apoptosis of dentate granule neurons within 24 h and a differential response of microglia with ramified microglia present in the CA-1 region. Using this model, we studied the role of IGF-1 in the survival of CA-1 pyramidal neurons under conditions of altered synaptic input due Birinapant datasheet to changes in the dentate gyrus. Within 24 h of injection,

IGF-1 mRNA levels were elevated in the hippocampus and IGF-1 protein detected in both astrocytes and microglia. IGF-1 was redistributed within the CA-1 neurons corresponding with an increase in cytoplasmic pAkt, elevated PKB alpha/Akt protein levels, and a decrease in the antagonist, Rho. pMAPK was not detected in CA-1 neurons and ERK2 showed a transient decrease followed by a significant

increase, suggesting a lack of recruitment of the pMAPK signaling pathway for neuronal survival. In mice deficient for IGF-1, a similar level of apoptosis was observed in dentate granule neurons as compared to wildtype; however, TMT induced a significant level CA-1 neuronal death, further supporting a role for IGF-1 in the survival of CA-1 neurons.”
“Magnetic and ferroelectric properties are investigated for the polycrystalline Bi2Fe4O9 ceramics with different grain sizes (60-2000 nm) synthesized Duvelisib mw by a modified Pechini method. It shows that magnetic and ferroelectric properties are strongly dependent on the grain

size. For the 60 nm samples, the magnetization curves exhibit a superimposed behavior of antiferromagnetic (AFM) with ferromagnetic (FM) component. As the grain size increases, FM component is suppressed and AFM interaction becomes dominant. Simultaneously, the Neel temperature (T-N) shifts to high temperatures as the grain size increases. Compared with the 60 nm sample, ferroelectric hysteresis loops at room temperature are observed for the samples Roscovitine clinical trial with large grain sizes (>200 nm) due to the reduced leakage currents. Among all samples, the 900 nm sample is found to have the smallest leakage current density (<10(-6)) and the largest remnant polarization (0.21 mu C/cm(2)). (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3259392]“
“The magnetic properties of similar to 1.5 nm Co nanoparticles embedded in a diamagnetic Al2O3 or anti ferromagnetic (AFM) Cr2O3 matrix were investigated. For Co nanoparticles in Al2O3 matrix, a typical behavior of weakly interacting nanoparticles is observed, characterized by a superparamagnetic regime and a progressive blocking of particle moments centered at < T-B > = 14 K.

A variety of evidence-based medical devices for several dermatological indications are

presented here.”
“We investigated the effect of intraperitoneal vardenafil (1 mg/kg) administration during an ischemic period in a rat model of testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D). Twenty-one adult Wistar rats were equally randomized into a control check details group, a T/D group and a vardenafil group. The control group was designed to collect basal values for biochemical and histopathological parameters. The T/D group underwent testicular torsion for 1 hour. The vardenafil group received vardenafil (1 mg/kg) intraperitoneally at 30 minutes after torsion. All rats were sacrificed 4 hours after reperfusion to evaluate the tissue levels of malondialdehyde and total antioxidant status. Germ cell apoptosis was evaluated using the apoptosis protease activating factor I antibody in all groups. The expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and inducible NOS were also assessed in both Dinaciclib manufacturer testes of all rats. The malondialdehyde levels in the T/D group were significantly higher than in the control and vardenafil groups. There were also significant decreases in total antioxidant status in the T/D group compared with the control and vardenafil. groups. Vardenafil treatment significantly reduced apoptosis protease activating factor 1, endothelial NOS and inducible

NOS levels in the vardenafil group compared with the T/D group. Administration of 1 mg/kg vardenafil during testicular torsion decreased ischemia/reperfusion cellular damage. Our results indicate that the reduction in oxidative stress by vardenafil may play a major role in its cytoprotective effects.”
“Using a solution technique, polymeric composite membranes were prepared Geneticin manufacturer by the incorporation of NaY zeolite into chitosan. The resulting membranes were tested for pervaporation separation of water-tetrahydrofuran mixtures in a temperature range of 30-50 degrees C. The effect of membrane swelling on the

separation performance was studied by varying the water composition in the feed from 5 to 30 mass %. Pervaporation data demonstrated that both flux and selectivity increased simultaneously with increasing zeolite content in the membrane. This was explained on the basis of enhancement of hydrophilicity, selective adsorption, and establishment of molecular sieving action. It was found that both total flux and flux of water are close to each other, suggesting that the developed membranes are highly selective toward water. The membrane containing the highest loading of zeolite exhibited the highest separation selectivity of 2140 with a substantial water flux of 16.88 x 10(-2) kg/(m(2) h) at 30 degrees C for 5 mass % of water in the feed. From the temperature dependency of diffusion and permeation data, the Arrhenius activation parameters were estimated.

X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the intercalation of PSu within the silicate galleries. SEM analysis confirmed an increase in the porosity of the membrane with the incorporation of nanoclays. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) thermograms Selleckchem MS275 indicated an increase in the thermal stability of PSu nanocomposites. Evaluation of conductivity characteristics and single cell

performance revealed improved output for organomodified clay nanocomposites. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012″
“Purpose: To investigate if changes in tumor angiogenesis associated with complete pathologic response (pCR) or partial pathologic response (pPR) to treatment can be demonstrated by using diffuse optical spectroscopic (DOS) tomography.

Materials and Methods: All participants in this prospective, HIPAA-compliant, institutional review board-approved study JQ1 molecular weight provided written informed consent. Eleven women with invasive breast carcinoma were imaged with DOS tomography prior to, during, and at completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic regimens. By using region of interest (ROI) analysis, the DOS measure of total tissue hemoglobin (Hb(T)) was

temporally correlated with quantitative measures of existing (CD31-expressing) and tumor-induced (CD105-expressing) vessels, in pretreatment and posttreatment tissue specimens, to assess change.

Results: Quantified angiogenesis alone in pretreatment core biopsy specimens did not predict treatment response, but mean vessel density (MVD) and mean vessel area (MVA) of CD105-expressing vessels were significantly decreased in women with pCR (n = 7) (P < .001 and P = .003, respectively). MVA of CD105-expressing vessels was also significantly reduced at comparison PF477736 purchase of pre- and posttreatment residual tumor for women with pPR (n = 4) (P = .033). A longitudinal analysis showed significant

decreases (P = .001) in mean Hb(T) levels during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast abnormality ROIs for women with pCR but not women with pPR. For women with pCR, but not women with pPR, pretreatment MVD of CD105-expressing vessels correlated with pretreatment Hb(T) (P <= .001).

Conclusion: DOS tomographic examinations in women with breast cancer who are receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy show a mean decrease in Hb(T) with time in patients with pCR only. Observed pretreatment and posttreatment correlates with quantified angiogenesis markers confirm the likely biologic origin for this DOS signature and support its potential to predict angiogenic tissue response early in the treatment cycle. (C) RSNA, 2011″
“This study is to determine the effect of the natural product parthenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from extracts of the herb Tanacetum parthenium, on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).

(C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 123: 3635-3643, 2012″
“To explore the experience of living with parkinsonism, a survey form was sent to the members of a patients’ association; 1,256 forms were analysed. The mean age was 65.75 +/- A 9.29 years; 64.4% males. A family history was reported by 19.2%. Basic abilities were preserved in 75% of the responders; the ability to do indoor and outdoor LY2835219 supplier activities was preserved in 42 and 28%, respectively. 70% of the responders liked to meet other people and about 50% liked discussing their condition. 80.3% of the responders lived

with partner, while 7.8% did not live with family. Of the patients’ partners, 38.9% took drugs, and 9.4% themselves needed assistance. Care programmes for parkinsonians should take into account the disease duration, the degree of disability, the presence of caregiver/s, Selleck Ispinesib and the level of caregiver burden; but it should also be appreciated that social habits, need of help, and severity of symptoms influence disability.”
“Microscale 1-3-type-like magnetoelectric (ME) composites with ferromagnetic microstrips laterally embedded in a piezoelectric ceramic substrate were fabricated by a dice-and-insert method. Mechanically sliced microstrips of Li/Ta-modified (K,Na)NbO3 lead-free ceramics and CoFe2O4

ceramics were used as the piezoelectric and piezomagnetic phases, respectively, which were inserted into each other and bonded together by epoxy. The ME properties of such 1-3-type-like composites with piezoelectric substrates were verified. The maximum ME coefficient was found to vary

with the strip size, substrate thickness, and thickness of epoxy bonding layers. A maximum value of 48 mV/(cm.Oe) was achieved. In addition, a special anisotropy was obtained in the present lateral 1-3 type ceramic composites and made it have potential applications in detecting magnetic field directions. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3624668]“
“A series of free-standing hybrid anion-exchange membranes were prepared by blending brominated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (BPPO) with poly(vinylbenzyl chloride-co-gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane) (poly(VBC-co-gamma-MPS)). Apart from a good compatibility between organic and inorganic phases, the hybrid membranes had a water uptake of 32.4-51.8%, PLX3397 solubility dmso tensile strength around 30 MPa, and T-d temperature at 5% weight loss around 243-261 degrees C. As compared with the membrane prepared from poly (VBC-co-gamma-MPS), the hybrid membranes exhibited much better flexibility, and larger ion-exchange capacity (2.19-2.27 mmol g(-1)) and hydroxyl (OH-) conductivity (0.0067-0.012 S cm(-1)). In particular, the hybrid membranes with 60-75 wt % BPPO had the optimum water uptake, miscibility between components, and OH- conductivity, and were promising for application in fuel cells. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Measures included personality, illness cognitions, emotion, coping and outcome (anxiety, depression and quality of life). Results Between 4774% of variance in psychosocial outcome was explained although large proportions were accounted for by clinical

factors, demographics and earlier levels of anxiety, depression and quality of life. Of the psychological variables, cognitive appraisals featured more consistently then either emotions or coping. Conclusions There are clear and consistent predictors of negative psychosocial outcome that could be used in clinical practice to risk-assess and monitor patients for adjustment difficulties. The finding that appraisals were more predictive SCH772984 solubility dmso of outcome than emotions and coping may inform the development of psychological interventions for cancer patients. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“Objective: To assess the outcome of pregnancy in patients with preexisting POTS.

Methods and Results: Twenty-two patients, age 30 +/- 7 years, with POTS became pregnant. Migraine was the common comorbidity

ARS-1620 found in 40% of patients. Medications used were beta-blockers (18%), midiodrine (31%), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (31%), fludrocortisone (13%), combination (40%), and none (18%). During pregnancy, symptoms of POTS remained unchanged in three (13%), improved in 12 (55%), and worsened in seven (31%) patients. One patient

who had recurrent episodes of syncope without aura was www.sellecn.cn/products/epz-5676.html found to have complete heart block and received a cardiac pacemaker. All patients completed pregnancy successfully. There were no stillbirths. One patient developed hyperemesis. Eighteen patients had vaginal delivery and four patients delivered by cesarian section. No other complications of pregnancy were encountered. Congenital abnormalities were encountered in the form of one atrial septal defect, one ventricular septal defect, and one Down’s syndrome. Postpartum symptoms of POTS remained stable in 15 (69%) patients and worsened in seven (31%) patients.

Conclusion: Based on our observation, patients with POTS can safely complete pregnancy if they desire to do so. POTS should not be considered a contraindication to pregnancy per se.

(PACE 2009; 32:1000-1003).”
“The influence of silver nanoparticles on light absorption in organic solar cells based on poly(3-exylthiophene):(6,6)-phenyl-C61-butyric-acid-methyl ester is studied by means of finite element method simulations. The metallic nanoparticles are embedded directly inside the active layer. We investigate the enhancement mechanism and the influence of factors such as the spacing between neighboring nanoparticles, the particle diameter, and the coating thickness.

The present study demonstrates that arthroscopic capsulolabral repair with suture anchor fixation can restore the stability

of the glenohumeral joint and can provide a reliable improvement in subjective and objective outcome measures.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

ORIGINAL ABSTRACT CITATION: “”Arthroscopic Repair of Circumferential Lesions of the Glenoid Labrum”" (2009;91:2795-802).”
“A series of 5-substituted-arylidene-3-substituted-benzyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were synthesized and studied for their glucose lowering capability against alloxan induced diabetic rats. Compounds 1(b), 1(c), 1(d), 1(e), 2(b) and 2(c) showed appreciable antidiabetic activity compared to standard drug rosiglitazone. The anisaldehyde based thiazolidinedione compounds 1(a) and 2(a) displayed very less activity than the click here other synthesized compounds. Interestingly, 2-methoxy group containing compound 1(d) showed highest activity.”
“BACKGROUND: Despite its technical complexity, arthroscopic tibial inlay reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament has biomechanical advantages over transtibial procedures. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical results check details of arthroscopic tibial inlay single-bundle and double-bundle techniques with those of the conventional

transtibial single-bundle technique.

METHODS: We evaluated twenty-nine patients treated with primary posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and followed for longer than two years. Eight patients were treated with a transtibial single-bundle procedure; eleven, with an arthroscopic inlay single-bundle procedure; and ten, with an arthroscopic inlay double-bundle procedure. An Achilles tendon allograft was used in

all cases. Each patient was evaluated on the basis of the Lysholm AZD5582 solubility dmso knee score, the mean side-to-side difference in tibial translation as measured on Telos stress radiographs, and the side-to-side difference in the range of motion of the knee.

RESULTS: The mean side-to-side difference (and standard deviation) in posterior tibial translation differed significantly between the arthroscopic tibial inlay double-bundle group (3.6 +/- 1.43 mm) and the transtibial single-bundle group (5.6 +/- 2.0 mm) (p = 0.023), although there was no significant difference between the arthroscopic inlay single-bundle group (4.7 +/- 1.62 mm) and the transtibial group (p = 0.374). The mean range of motion and Lysholm scores were similar among the three groups.

CONCLUSIONS: Despite its technical difficulty, the arthroscopic tibial inlay double-bundle technique is our preferred method of reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament because it stabilizes posterior tibial translation better than do the other two methods.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level III.